PreOrder Traversal using iterative approarch(Code in JAVA)
import java.util.*;
public class test {
static class Node {
int data;
Node left;
Node right;
public Node(int data) {
this.data = data;
this.left = null;
this.right = null;
}
}
static class BinaryTree {
static Node buildTree(Scanner scanner, String position, int parentValue) {
System.out.print("Add " + position + " node for " + parentValue + " (y/n): ");
String userChoice = scanner.next();
if (userChoice.equalsIgnoreCase("y")) {
System.out.print("Enter " + position + " node value: ");
int nodeValue = scanner.nextInt();
Node newNode = new Node(nodeValue);
newNode.left = buildTree(scanner, "left", nodeValue);
newNode.right = buildTree(scanner, "right", nodeValue);
return newNode;
} else {
return null;
}
}
}
//levelorder traversal
public static void levelorder(Node root)
{
if(root==null) return;
Queue<Node> q = new LinkedList<>();
q.add(root);
q.add(null);
while(!q.isEmpty())
{
Node currnode = q.remove();
if(currnode==null) //NULL DENOTES NEW LINE
{
System.out.println();
if(q.isEmpty())
{
break;
}
else
{
q.add(null);
}
}
else
{
System.out.print(currnode.data+" ");
if(currnode.left!=null)
{
q.add(currnode.left);
}
if(currnode.right!=null)
{
q.add(currnode.right);
}
}
}
}
public static ArrayList<Integer> preorderUsingStack(Node root)
{
ArrayList<Integer> preorderArrayList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
if (root==null) return preorderArrayList;
Stack<Node> st = new Stack<Node>();
st.push(root);
while(!st.isEmpty())
{
root = st.pop();
preorderArrayList.add(root.data);
if(root.right != null)
{
st.push(root.right);
}
if(root.left != null)
{
st.push(root.left);
}
}
return preorderArrayList;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
BinaryTree bt = new BinaryTree();
System.out.print("Enter root node value: ");
int rootValue = scanner.nextInt();
Node root = new Node(rootValue);
root.left = bt.buildTree(scanner, "left", rootValue);
root.right = bt.buildTree(scanner, "right", rootValue);
System.out.println("Tree construction complete.");
levelorder(root);
System.out.println(preorderUsingStack(root));
scanner.close();
}
}
